فصلنامه مطالعات مدیریت راهبردی
پیاپی 22 (تابستان 1394)

The major principle of the strategic management is that the organizations should be for exploiting of the opportunities and avoiding of the effects of the threats or reduce them are seeking to codify of the strategies; And on the other hand, one of the main activities and necessary of the strategic management is that, to identify the strengths and weakness of the departments and the organizational units and to evaluate of them. This research in terms of the purpose is applied method and in terms of the nature is based on the descriptive-analytical method. In this research, at first with refer to the conducted researches in the world central banks and the studies inside of the country, the internal and external factors and the strategies and in the form of SWOT matrix have identified and the type of strategy have determined, based on IE, and finally on the basis of QSPM matrix have prioritized all of them. Based on the results, the defensive strategy, means the mentioned five strategy in the WT, had considered to assess and prioritize that its results in terms of the priorities, for instance, the coordination strategy between the monetary and financial policies in order to achieve of the economic stability and solving country economic problems, be independent strategy by reviewing of laws and regulations, strategies to strengthen of the management processes, decision making and planning, strategies to strengthen of the policy role and strategies to strengthen of the regulatory framework.

The problem of this study is the suitable context and environment for dynamic capabilities. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the effects of similar dynamic capabilities in technological and market environmental dynamics. The company performance viewed as a consequence of dynamic capabilities and the moderator role of environmental dynamics were studied. The population of the research is manufacturing companies quoted in Tehran Stock Exchange. Performance data were gathered from Company’s financial balance sheet and the other variables from valid and reliable questionnaire (Cronbach's alpha, 93%). Two hypothesis tested dynamic capabilities impact on performance as well as the moderator of environmental dynamics on dynamic capabilities and performance relationship. The results show that environmental dynamics has positive moderating effect in dynamic capabilities and company’s performance relationship. Also the relationship between dynamic capabilities and performance is not significant in static environments, but significant in dynamic and relatively dynamic environment.

Studying language in micro, native and local domains is one of the emphasized streams of research in the newest paradigm of strategy research, namely, “strategy as practice”. This critical study seeks to derive the “what” and “why” of the pattern of strategic control model in weight industry of Iran using qualitative research and drawing on social constructivism philosophy. Accordingly, this study uses grounded analysis and induction-based coding approach through Atlas.ti – specific explorative analysis software. The conclusions are emerged from 15 semi-structured field interviews through theoretical sampling and to reach the stage of saturation extract, and at the end of the Dell data control model weighting has been articulating a strategic industry.

Organizations achieve sustainable success through permanent and proactive construction of the context. The strategic control, as a factor of strategic management, is a mechanism for realizing this flexibility. Moreover, with respecting to the growing separation of ownership and management, the board role in strategic orientation of organization becomes increasingly more important. Therefore, the role of the board in strategic control, that has been almost ignored practically and theoretically, is undeniable. The paper explains the relationship between structural dimension of board and its contribution in strategic control. For this purpose, dimensions of strategic control and board of directors are identified. Then, the role of the structural dimension of the board in strategic control is analyzed, and the model is created and tested. The study finds that the diversity, the size, the managerial duality and the ratio of internal members have meaningful role in proactive involvement of the board in strategic control.

Nowadays Competitive Environment, Iranian goods are typically unable to compete with their foreign comparable goods due to the failing in designing marketing strategy rather than just their failure in quality. From this viewpoint, the current study examines the effects of brand personality and consumer budget on the compiling of marketing strategy. To achieve this objective, four types of commodities with different degree of utilization in two kinds of Iranian and non- Iranian brand goods were appointed from a sample of 600 people in the North and South of Tehran. The reliability and the validity of the questionnaire and data were approved by Cronbach’s Alpha and face validity methods. Subsequently, the econometrics model of Logit was applied to test the hypotheses. The results suggest that for all types of Iranian goods in the North, and also for semi – durable and non- durable goods in the South of Tehran, the brand personality plays essential role in marketing strategy compilation. Nonetheless, in the South of Tehran and for the highly durable goods and durable goods the consumer budget plays a significant role in the compiling of marketing strategy.

The current study is aimed to review the strategic effect of technology and market turbulence on inter-functional interactions and export performance. Accordingly, the present study aims investigate the relationship between inter-functional interactions and the performance of foods industry export. This study is practical in its purpose and descriptive – survey in its way of data collection. The tool of data gathering was a questionnaire containing 36 questions, distributed among 250 foods headquarters having centered in Tehran. Data Analyzing and hypotheses testing of this study, was done using SPSS and LISREL software. The results derived from the assumptions shows a positive effect of inter-functional interactions on the performance of the exporters, while, organizational elements (manager's commitment and reward system), also, 3 export specific factors (export structure, job satisfaction, and organizational commitment), as well as the interferer variable of market chaos having a positive effect on the inter-functional interactions. This is while, there found no significant relationship between the education system and inter-functional interactions, as well as technology turbulence interferer variable and inter-functional interactions. It is hoped that the results of this research will help managers and policy makers to improve the company's performance and thereby the country's export performance.

Total quality management is a comprehensive and pioneer management philosophy which by considering product/service quality and gaining customer satisfaction is capable of helping organizations to maintain current markets and gain new markets, at current tense and full of cross-border challenging era, and guaranteeing their survival. At the same time and due to intense competition, new discussed experiences and developments in the market, quality and innovation and management, our understanding of TQM and its attributes, properties, functions and relations constantly is changing and new functions, features and relations has been proposed and its affected area is increasing. This research examines the impact of TQM on customer behavior through production, financial, innovation and quality indicators and in terms of type is a descriptive correlational research and in terms of the purpose is an applied research. The research population is representatives and after-sales service centers of Bahman Group and information is gathered through the questionnaire and for analyzing and path analyzing SPSS22 and AMOS software is used. The analises results of the research suggests that the impact of TQM on customer through quality and innovation indicators is positive and high and the impact of the financial and production indicators is positive and significant.

The knowledge for organizations is of strategic assets, hence, the scholars of management science know the knowledge as sustainable advantage enabler; so, to maintain this advantage for future, the organizations should enhance its readiness to act against possible situations and to prescribe appropriate strategy of knowledge management. The purpose of the study is to identifying the affective factors on KMS and the possible scenarios facing the organization, suggesting required reflections for probable futures, and proposing suitable KMS for them. In this research, scenario-planning approach by ScenarioWizard software used to forecast the possible futures, and the Raja Company selected as case study. The study is practical in terms of objective and using surveying method, which implemented at explorative level. Using Balanced Cross-Impact Analysis, 8 strong scenarios and 81 weak ones gained, which 3 ones selected as optimistic, pessimistic and most probable scenarios, and by interviewing of a 5-member group, they proposed suitable actions and arrangements, and compatible KMS's were selected for them. As a result, the dynamic strategy of KM with more focus on human-oriented strategy were suggested for optimistic scenario, and for two other scenarios, the dynamic strategy of KM with more respect to system-oriented strategy were selected.

Due to the direct effect of employee's performance on the goal attainment of organizations, it's very crucial to investigate the factors that affect employee's performance. Role of leaders always has been discussed as one of the most influential factors on employees and their job attitudes and different leadership styles have been studied in this context. This paper investigates the role of strategic leadership, as a leadership style on employee empowerment, affective commitment and job performance of University of Guilan's employees. We investigated 160 employees and found that strategic leadership has a positive impact on both empowerment and job performance as well job empowerment and affective commitment have positive impacts on job performance. The effect of strategic leadership on affective commitment is not supported.

Potential capacity and competitive pricing are among the factors that affect the attractiveness of Iranian products, especially petroleum products in international markets. Therefore, in this study we attempted to express the concept of marketing capabilities and be reviewed the influence of local environmental factors - external and type of the petrochemical industry. The research type is that of applied and data collecting method is that of descriptive-survey. Tools used for collecting questionnaire data and the methods used to assess hypotheses are that of multiple regression analysis and confirmatory factor analysis. The results confirm the impact of variable pricing, new products development, distribution channel management, delivery management, after sales services and marketing communications as a subset of marketing capabilities, also Confirm the Influence of the product and external environment on that. However, the environmental factors that influence indoor Brtvanmndy marketing, less than the usual 95% confidence level was significant, indicating a greater impact on improving the capabilities of the product in relation to environmental factors are an International Marketing.

Today, tourism is one of the largest economic sectors in many countries is considered. Iran's oil revenues are highly dependent on tourism, could be used as a way to get rid of dependence on oil revenues and is out of the economic monoculture. In today's world more closely competitive advantage of the benefits of economic, social, cultural, and especially receiving a greater share of the revenue and raise the level of employment in the tourism industry in their country. Given the experience of the successful growth of the tourism industry in many countries and its importance to economic growth and increased employment, this study examines the relationship between tourism and employment in Iran deals. In this research study, "description¬- Functional" and used a sample of 350 questionnaire with 32 questions, 5 options is the Cultural Heritage and Tourism, the National Youth Agency and the Ministry of Labor and Social Distribution have. Tourism has a significant effect on employment. This research also shows that no significant impact on the tourism industry to create jobs and reduce poverty and increase social welfare.